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Disease Profile
Crohn’s disease
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
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Age of onset
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ICD-10
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Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
Ileitis; Enteritis; Granulomatous colitis;
Categories
Digestive Diseases
Summary
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the general name for conditions that cause inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Common signs and symptoms include abdominal pain and cramping, diarrhea, and weight loss. Other general symptoms include feeling tired, nausea and loss of appetite, fever, and
Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and reducing inflammation, and may include diet and medication, but some people require surgery.[1][2] Surgery often involves removal of the diseased segment of bowel (resection), the two ends of healthy bowel are then joined together (anastomosis). In about 30% of people who have surgery for Crohn’s disease symptoms may come back within three years and up to 60% will have recurrence within ten years.[4]
Symptoms
About one-third of individuals with Crohn's disease have symptoms outside of the intestines, which may include
Symptoms of Crohn's disease may range from mild to severe. Most people will go through periods in which the disease flares up and causes symptoms, alternating with periods when symptoms disappear or decrease. People with Crohn’s disease who smoke tend to have more severe symptoms and more complications. In general, people with Crohn's disease lead active and productive lives.[1][5]
This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.
Medical Terms | Other Names |
Learn More:
HPO ID
|
---|---|---|
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO | ||
Abdominal pain |
Pain in stomach
Stomach pain
[ more ] |
0002027 |
Crohn's disease | 0100280 | |
Diarrhea |
Watery stool
|
0002014 |
Growth delay |
Delayed growth
Growth deficiency
Growth failure
Growth retardation
Poor growth
Retarded growth
[ more ] |
0001510 |
Intestinal obstruction |
Bowel obstruction
Intestinal blockage
[ more ] |
0005214 |
Multifactorial inheritance | 0001426 | |
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis |
Recurrent canker sores
|
0011107 |
Ulcerative colitis | 0100279 | |
Weight loss | 0001824 |
Cause
Recent studies have found that variations in specific
Diagnosis
Treatment
For information on the treatment of Crohn's disease, visit the following links:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/crohns-disease/Pages/treatment.aspx
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America:
https://www.ccfa.org/what-are-crohns-and-colitis/what-is-crohns-disease/crohns-treatment-options.html
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) for Crohn's disease from the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America:
https://www.ccfa.org/resources/complementary-alternative.html
FDA-Approved Treatments
The medication(s) listed below have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as orphan products for treatment of this condition. Learn more orphan products.
- Adalimumab(Brand name: Humira) Manufactured by AbbVie Inc.
FDA-approved indication: Treatment of Juvenile IdiopathicArthritis . Reducing signs and symptoms and inducing and maintaining clinicalremission in patients 6 years of age and older with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease who have had an inadequate response tocorticosteroids or immunomodulators such as azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, or methotrexate.
National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal
Medline Plus Health Information - Infliximab(Brand name: Remicade) Manufactured by Centocor, Inc.
FDA-approved indication: For reducing signs and symptoms and inducing and maintaining clinical remission in pediatric patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease who have had an inadequate response to conventional therapy.
National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal
Medline Plus Health Information
Organizations
Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.
Organizations Supporting this Disease
-
Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America
733 Third Avenue, Suite 510
New York, NY 10017
Toll-free: 1–800–932–2423
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/
Speak with a specialist by telephone at 888-MY-GUT-PAIN (888-694-8872)
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- Just Like Me! , a Web site for kids and teens with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease sponsored by the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America (CCFA).
- MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.
- MedlinePlus Genetics contains information on Crohn's disease. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.
- The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library provides information on this condition for patients and caregivers.
- The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NIDDK) offers information on this condition. Click on the link to view information on this topic.
In-Depth Information
- Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
- Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Crohn's disease. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Crohn's disease. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). September 2014; https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/crohns-disease/Pages/facts.aspx.
- Walfish AE & Sachar DB. Crohn Disease. Merck Manual Consumer Version. 2017; https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/inflammatory-bowel-diseases-ibd/crohn-disease?qt=&sc=&alt=.
- Crohn disease. Genetics Home Reference. 2018; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/crohn-disease.
- What is Crohn's Disease?. Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America. 2016; https://www.ccfa.org/what-are-crohns-and-colitis/what-is-crohns-disease/.
- Cummings S, Rubin D. The Complexity and Challenges of Genetic Counseling and Testing for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Journal of Genetic Counseling. December 2006;
- What are complex or multifactorial disorders?. Genetics Home Reference. October 8, 2012; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/mutationsanddisorders/complexdisorders. Accessed 10/15/2012.
- Department of Human Genetics. Autoimmune disorders. Emory University School of Medicine. 2004; https://genetics.emory.edu/documents/resources/Emory_Human_Genetics_Autoimmune_Disorders.pdf. Accessed 2/7/2012.
- Crohn Disease. Genetics Home Reference (GHR) . August 2007; https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=crohndisease. Accessed 2/7/2012.
- Diagnosing Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America. May 31, 2010; https://www.ccfa.org/resources/diagnosing-crohns-uc.html. Accessed 10/15/2012.
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